Two decades of clinical experience with the immunomodulatory treatment of multiple sclerosis points to distinct immunological pathways that drive disease relapses and progression. Although the ...
What Is Late-Onset Multiple Sclerosis? When you have multiple sclerosis (MS), your immune system attacks nerve cells and fibers called axons in your brain. When this happens, your brain can’t send ...
Ongoing clinical trials are exploring therapies like tolebrutinib, fingolimod, and ocrelizumab, focusing on efficacy and ...
The CD40–CD40L costimulatory pathway regulates adaptive and innate immune responses and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Frexalimab is a second-generation anti-CD40L ...
Increasing evidence suggests that the severe gum disease, periodontitis, may contribute to central nervous system disorders ...
Increasing evidence suggests that the severe gum disease, periodontitis, may contribute to central nervous system disorders ...