A series of structures of the eukaryotic protein-synthesis machinery are imaged at high resolution in defined states of the elongation phase of protein synthesis. Analysis suggests that there are ...

tRNAs have a distinct cloverleaf secondary structure and an L-shaped tertiary structure. The cloverleaf structure is formed by the folding of the single-stranded tRNA molecule, which is typically ...

Modern eukaryotic cells have proteins that enable chromosome segregation during cell division, new discoveries shed light on their origin in simpler prokaryotic organisms. Modern nucleated (eukaryotic ...

This image illustrates the process of gene transcription within a cell. The DNA double helix unwinds to expose a specific sequence, allowing RNA polymerase to synthesize a complementary pre-mRNA ...

Collaborative research by the University of Tokyo and RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research has led to the development of a new method for simultaneously synthesizing all transfer RNA (tRNA) ...

Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells found in plants, animals, and fungi involves more than just the straightforward ...

ReAberrant translation initiation at non-AUG start codons is associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, identifying how non-AUG translation is regulated differently from ...